{"id":184,"date":"2020-04-02T22:47:54","date_gmt":"2020-04-02T20:47:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/?page_id=184"},"modified":"2020-04-03T15:59:10","modified_gmt":"2020-04-03T13:59:10","slug":"porty","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/sietove-technologie\/porty\/","title":{"rendered":"Porty"},"content":{"rendered":"

Port<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00a0sie\u0165ov\u00fdch protokoloch\u00a0je \u010d\u00edslo, ktor\u00e9 je spolu s\u00a0 IP adresou\u00a0s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou identifik\u00e1tora konca\u00a0spojenia\u00a0(socketu) a sl\u00fa\u017ei na priradenie spojenia konkr\u00e9tnej slu\u017ebe. Zdrojov\u00fd a cie\u013eov\u00fd identifik\u00e1tor konca spojenia je tie\u017e obsiahnut\u00fd v hlavi\u010dke\u00a0paketu. Medzi protokoly vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00face porty patria\u00a0TCP,\u00a0UDP\u00a0a\u00a0SCTP.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edslo portu v r\u00e1mci jedn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da je zvy\u010dajne zviazan\u00e9 (bind) s be\u017eiacim\u00a0procesom, ktor\u00fd d\u00e1ta na tomto porte (t. j. pakety s t\u00fdmto identifik\u00e1torom) prij\u00edma alebo vysiela. V TCP aj UDP je port\u00a016-bitov\u00e9\u00a0cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo bez znamienka, teda v rozsahu 0 a\u017e 65\u00a0535. Mnoh\u00e9 sie\u0165ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pevne ur\u010den\u00fd port.\u00a0IANA\u00a0(Od 2001 je to organiz\u00e1cia ICANN) udr\u017eiava zoznam slu\u017eieb, ktor\u00e9 be\u017eia na:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. zn\u00e1mych portoch<\/em><\/strong>(well-known ports, v rozsahu 0\u20131023) \u2013 s\u00fa vyhraden\u00e9 pre najbe\u017enej\u0161ie sie\u0165ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/li>\n
  2. registrovan\u00fdch portoch<\/em><\/strong>(1024\u201349151) \u2013 registruj\u00fa sa u ICANN<\/li>\n
  3. dynamick\u00fdch a \u00a0priv\u00e1tnych portoch<\/em><\/strong> v rozsahu \u00a049152\u201365535 nemaj\u00fa registrovan\u00e9 slu\u017eby a vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ich r\u00f4zne aplik\u00e1cie.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Zoznam zn\u00e1mych portov:<\/h3>\n

    1\/tcp TCP Multiplexor
    \n7\/tcp Echo Protocol
    \n7\/udp Echo Protocol
    \n9\/tcp Discard Protocol
    \n9\/udp Discard Protocol
    \n13\/tcp Daytime Protocol
    \n17\/tcp Quote of the Day
    \n19\/tcp Chargen Protocol
    \n19\/udp Chargen Protocol
    \n20\/tcp FTP d\u00e1ta
    \n21\/tcp FTP riadenie
    \n22\/tcp SSH Bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 prihlasovanie, kop\u00edrovanie s\u00faborov (scp, sftp) a port forwarding
    \n23\/tcp Telnet nezabezpe\u010den\u00e1 textov\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia
    \n25\/tcp SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (E-mail)
    \n53\/tcp DNS Domain Name Server
    \n53\/udp DNS
    \n67\/udp BOOTP BootStrap Protocol (Server) Tie\u017e ho pou\u017e\u00edva DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
    \n68\/udp BOOTP BootStrap Protocol (Klient) Tie\u017e ho pou\u017e\u00edva DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
    \n69\/udp TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
    \n70\/tcp Gopher predchodca WWW
    \n79\/tcp finger Finger
    \n80\/tcp HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol (WWW)
    \n88\/tcp Kerberos Autentifka\u010dn\u00fd agent
    \n110\/tcp POP3 Post Office Protocol (E-mail)
    \n113\/tcp ident server star\u00e9ho identifika\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu
    \n119\/tcp NNTP prenos usenet newsgroups
    \n139\/tcp NetBIOS
    \n143\/tcp IMAP4 Internet Message Access Protocol (E-mail)
    \n161\/udp SNMP, Simple Network Management Protocol
    \n162\/udp SNMP, Simple Network Management Protocol: trapy
    \n514\/udp syslog logovanie aktivity syst\u00e9mu
    \n443\/tcp HTTPS bezpe\u010dn\u00fd prenos webstr\u00e1nok
    \n445\/tcp Microsoft-DS (Active Directory, Zdie\u013ean\u00e9 prie\u010dinky Windows, Sasser-worm)
    \n445\/udp Microsoft-DS SMB zdie\u013eanie s\u00faborov
    \n591\/tcp FileMaker 6.0 Web Sharing (HTTP alternat\u00edva, pozri port 80)
    \n666\/tcp Mutiplayer hry Doom od id Software cez TCP
    \n993\/tcp IMAP4 Internet Message Access Protocol (E-mail) cez TLS
    \n995\/tcp POP3 Post Office Protocol (E-mail) cez TLS<\/p>\n

    Zoznam registrovan\u00fdch portov:<\/h3>\n

    1080\/tcp SOCKS Proxy
    \n1194\/tcp OpenVPN
    \n1194\/udp OpenVPN
    \n1352\/tcp IBM Lotus Notes\/Domino RCP
    \n1433\/tcp Microsoft-SQL-Server
    \n1434\/tcp Microsoft-SQL-Monitor
    \n1434\/udp Microsoft-SQL-Monitor
    \n1984\/tcp Big Brother
    \n3128\/tcp HTTP pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 web cache syst\u00e9mami a \u0161tandardn\u00fd port programu Squid
    \n3306\/tcp MySQL Datab\u00e1zov\u00fd syst\u00e9m
    \n3389\/tcp Microsoft Terminal Server (RDP)
    \n5060\/tcp SIP – VoIP protokol
    \n5190\/tcp AOL a AOL Instant Messenger
    \n5222\/tcp XMPP klientsk\u00e9 spojenie
    \n5269\/tcp XMPP serverov\u00e9 spojenie
    \n5432\/tcp PostgreSQL Datab\u00e1zov\u00fd syst\u00e9m
    \n6000\/tcp X11 X-windows
    \n6667\/tcp IRC, Internet Relay Chat
    \n8000\/tcp iRDMI. \u010casto sa mylne pou\u017e\u00edva namiesto 8080.
    \n8080\/tcp HTTP Alternat\u00edvna (http-alt) alebo WWW cacheovacia slu\u017eba (web cache). \u010casto sa pou\u017e\u00edva, ke\u010f na jednom stroji be\u017eia dva web servre, pre proxy a caching server, alebo na sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie web servera bez rootovsk\u00fdch opr\u00e1vnen\u00ed. Pozri aj port 80. Tomcat ho tie\u017e pou\u017e\u00edva ako \u0161tandardn\u00fd port.
    \n8118\/tcp privoxy filtruj\u00faca http proxy slu\u017eba
    \n9009\/tcp Pichat serverov\u00e9 – P2P chat syst\u00e9m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Port\u00a0v\u00a0sie\u0165ov\u00fdch protokoloch\u00a0je \u010d\u00edslo, ktor\u00e9 je spolu s\u00a0 IP adresou\u00a0s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou identifik\u00e1tora konca\u00a0spojenia\u00a0(socketu) a sl\u00fa\u017ei na priradenie spojenia konkr\u00e9tnej slu\u017ebe. Zdrojov\u00fd a cie\u013eov\u00fd identifik\u00e1tor konca spojenia je…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":14,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/184"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=184"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":188,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/184\/revisions\/188"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}