{"id":424,"date":"2020-04-06T14:34:54","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T12:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/?page_id=424"},"modified":"2020-04-06T15:17:22","modified_gmt":"2020-04-06T13:17:22","slug":"2-verzia-upgrade-a-zaloha-iosu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/ccna\/cisco-ios\/2-verzia-upgrade-a-zaloha-iosu\/","title":{"rendered":"2. Verzia, upgrade a z\u00e1loha IOSu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<h3>Typy switchov<\/h3>\n<p>Cisco pon\u00faka \u0161irok\u00e9 portf\u00f3lio switchov, preva\u017ene sa v\u0161ak zameriava na stredn\u00e9 a ve\u013ek\u00e9 firmy.\u00a0Switche sa volaj\u00fa\u00a0<strong>Catalyst<\/strong>\u00a0a existuje nieko\u013eko z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch radov.\u00a0Hlavn\u00e9 rozdelenie je pod\u013ea vrstvy, na ktor\u00e9 pracuj\u00fa &#8211; prim\u00e1rne 2. vrstva\u00a0<abbr title=\"Open Systems Interconnection\">OSI<\/abbr>\u00a0(napr\u00edklad C2960) a 3. vrstva\u00a0<abbr title=\"Open Systems Interconnection\">OSI<\/abbr>\u00a0(napr\u00edklad C3750), a \u010di s\u00fa modul\u00e1rne (C4500 a C6500).<\/p>\n<p>Ozna\u010denie switcha vypoved\u00e1 o rade jeho vlastnost\u00ed. Zna\u010denie m\u00f4\u017ee vyzera\u0165 napr\u00edklad C3750G-24PS.\u00a0Niektor\u00e9 vlastnosti s\u00fa \u0161pecifick\u00e9 pod\u013ea dan\u00e9ho modelu, ale rad je v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch.\u00a0N\u00e1zov sa sklad\u00e1 z hlavn\u00fdch parametrov, poml\u010dka, dopl\u0148uj\u00face parametre.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C<\/strong>\u00a0pre\u00a0<strong><em>Catalyst<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>3750<\/strong>\u00a0\u010d\u00edslo\u00a0<em><strong>modelovej rady<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>G<\/strong>\u00a0ur\u010duje, \u017ee sa jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0<em><strong>Gigabitov\u00e9 porty<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>24<\/strong>\u00a0zna\u010d\u00ed\u00a0<strong><em>po\u010det portov<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(bez uplinkov)<\/li>\n<li>za po\u010dtom portu je nieko\u013eko mo\u017enost\u00ed\n<ul>\n<li><strong>PS<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; nap\u00e1jan\u00e9 porty (Power over Ethernet)<\/li>\n<li><strong>TT<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; uplinky s\u00fa metalick\u00e9 porty RJ45<\/li>\n<li><strong>TC<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; uplinky s\u00fa SFP moduly<\/li>\n<li><strong>FS<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; v\u0161etky porty s\u00fa optick\u00e9<\/li>\n<li><strong>S<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; v\u0161etky porty s\u00fa SFP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Existuj\u00fa aj \u010fal\u0161ie mo\u017enosti, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou \u0161pecifick\u00e9 pre ur\u010dit\u00fd model.\u00a0Rovnako pod\u013ea koncov\u00e9ho ozna\u010denia a modelu z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, ko\u013eko a ak\u00fdch je uplinkov\u00fdch portov.<\/p>\n<h3>Stiahnutie IOSu<\/h3>\n<p>Stiahnutie IOSu je mo\u017en\u00e9 na str\u00e1nkach Cisco v\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cisco.com\/kobayashi\/sw-center\/index.shtml\">Download centre<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Pre pr\u00edstup je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010det s dostato\u010dn\u00fdm opr\u00e1vnen\u00edm.\u00a0Be\u017en\u00e9 prep\u00edna\u010de s\u00fa v kateg\u00f3rii\u00a0<strong><em>Switches Software<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<strong><em>LAN Switches<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Pod ka\u017ed\u00fdm radom je zoznam jednotliv\u00fdch modelov, ale IOS je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou pre cel\u00fd rad rovnak\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Pre ur\u010dit\u00fd switch\u00a0 a ur\u010dit\u00fa verziu IOSu existuje v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou nieko\u013eko variantov softv\u00e9ru pre stiahnutie.<\/p>\n<h4>Typy IOSu<\/h4>\n<p>Opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m IOS je ulo\u017een\u00fd v image s\u00fabore s pr\u00edponou\u00a0<strong>bin<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Stiahnu\u0165 je mo\u017en\u00e9 aj verziu s webov\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 pr\u00edponu\u00a0<strong>tar<\/strong>\u00a0a v tomto arch\u00edve je bin s\u00fabor plus adres\u00e1r\u00a0<em><strong>html<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0.\u00a0Verzia s webov\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm je zna\u010den\u00e1\u00a0<strong>WITH WEB BASED DEV MGR<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>Potom m\u00f4\u017eeme voli\u0165 verzii s \u0161ifrovan\u00edm alebo bez\u00a0<strong>&#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><strong>W \/ O CRYPTO<\/strong>\u00a0(neobsahuje SSL, SSH a SNMPv3).<\/p>\n<p>Posledn\u00fd je ur\u010denie, ak\u00e9 funkcie s\u00fa zahrnut\u00e9 v IOSu.\u00a0Ur\u010dit\u00fd fyzick\u00fd switch m\u00f4\u017ee z\u00edska\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161iu funkcionalitu iba zak\u00fapen\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161ie verzie IOSu.\u00a0Predt\u00fdm sa delili iba na\u00a0<strong><em>Standard Image<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<strong><em>Advanced Image<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, teraz existuje cel\u00fd rad verzi\u00ed.\u00a0Ur\u010dit\u00e9 verzie v\u0161ak existuj\u00fa len pre ur\u010dit\u00e9 switche.<\/p>\n<p>Pre\u00a0<strong><em>Layer 2 switcha<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je k dispoz\u00edcii iba\u00a0<strong>LAN BASE<\/strong>\u00a0verzia IOSu, teda so z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi sie\u0165ov\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami.\u00a0Pre\u00a0<strong><em>Layer 3 switche<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0m\u00e1me\u00a0<strong>IP BASE<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; z\u00e1klad,\u00a0<strong>IP SERVICES<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<strong>ADVANCED IP SERVICES<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0\u010ealej existuje e\u0161te nieko\u013eko \u0161peci\u00e1lnych verzi\u00ed.\u00a0Vy\u0161\u0161ia verzia v\u017edy obsahuje v\u0161etko \u010do je v ni\u017e\u0161ej.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Layer 2 Base<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; L2, 802.1x, 802.3ad, 802.1s, 802.w, EtherChannel, 802.1D, Port Security, Smart Ports, SSH, tec.<\/li>\n<li><strong>LAN Base<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; ACL, QoS, Enhanced 802.1x, AutoQoS, AutoSecure, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>IP Base<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; L3, RIP, HSRP \/ VRRP, StackWise, GRE EIGRP STUB, WCCP, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>IP Services<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; EIGRP, OSPF, BGP, GLBP, QoS, High Availability, NAT, nBAR, VRF-lite, Multicast, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Advanced IP Services<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; IS-IS, MPLS, L2 \/ L3, VPNs, IPv6, Mobile Support, IP \u0161\u013eache, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Z\u00e1loha IOSu zo switcha<\/h3>\n<p>Pre kop\u00edrovanie d\u00e1t z \/ na switch sl\u00fa\u017ei \u0161tandardne\u00a0<strong><abbr title=\"Trivial File Transfer Protocol\">TFTP<\/abbr>\u00a0server<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0M\u00f4\u017eeme pou\u017ei\u0165 napr\u00edklad\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/tftpd32.jounin.net\/tftpd32.html\">TFTPD32<\/a>\u00a0, ktor\u00fd spust\u00edme na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, z ktor\u00e9ho spravujeme switch.<\/p>\n<p>Pripoj\u00edme sa ku switchu a nasleduj\u00facim sp\u00f4sobom skop\u00edrujeme aktu\u00e1lny IOS.<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH # <strong>show version <\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\/\/ vyp\u00ed\u0161eme inform\u00e1cie o verzii \r\nSWITCH # <strong>show flash <\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\/\/ vyp\u00ed\u0161eme obsah \r\nSWITCH # <strong>cd C3750-IPBAS-mz.122-25.SEB4 <\/strong>\t\t\t\/\/ ob\u010das mus\u00edme do podadres\u00e1ra \r\nSWITCH # <strong>copy flash tftp \t\t\t\t\t <\/strong>\/\/ za\u010dneme kop\u00edrova\u0165  \r\nSource filename [ ]? <strong>C3750-IPBAS-mz.122-25.SEB4.bin <\/strong>\t\/\/ meno pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9ho s\u00faboru \r\nAddress or name of remote host []? <strong>192.168.190.12 <\/strong> \t\/\/ adresa TFTP servera \r\nDestination filename [C3750-IPBAS-mz.122-25.SEB4.bin]?\t\/\/ ak nechceme meni\u0165 cie\u013eov\u00e9 meno ENTER<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>Z\u00e1loha konfigur\u00e1cie<\/h3>\n<p>Z\u00e1lohu konfigur\u00e1cia m\u00f4\u017eeme vykona\u0165 rovnak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom ako z\u00e1lohu IOSu, iba zmen\u00edme meno kop\u00edrovan\u00e9ho s\u00faboru.\u00a0M\u00f4\u017eeme kop\u00edrova\u0165 priamo\u00a0<em>running-config<\/em>\u00a0,\u00a0<em>startup-config<\/em>\u00a0alebo\u00a0<em>s\u00fabor<\/em>\u00a0, kde je ulo\u017een\u00e1 startup-config.<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH # <strong>copy running-config tftp<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p>Pohodlnej\u0161\u00ed sp\u00f4sob z\u00e1lohy konfigur\u00e1cie n\u00e1m prin\u00e1\u0161a program\u00a0<strong>Cisco Network Assistant<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0V menu zvol\u00edme\u00a0<strong><em>Maintenance &#8211; Configuration Archive<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>Startup konfigur\u00e1cia je ulo\u017een\u00e1 v s\u00fabore\u00a0<strong>flash: config.text<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Inform\u00e1cie o VLAN je ulo\u017een\u00e1 v s\u00fabore\u00a0<strong>flash: vlan.dat<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Upgrade IOSu<\/h3>\n<p>Pre vykonanie upgradu IOSu treba nakop\u00edrova\u0165 nov\u00fd obraz a v\u0161etky potrebn\u00e9 s\u00fabory do Flash pam\u00e4te switche a vykona\u0165 jeho re\u0161tart.\u00a0Teoreticky m\u00f4\u017eeme ma\u0165 na switchi ulo\u017een\u00fdch viac verzi\u00ed IOSu, ak m\u00e1me dostatok miesta.\u00a0Ak je na switchi nedostatok miesta, mus\u00edme najprv zmaza\u0165 star\u00fd image (be\u017eiaci syst\u00e9m je v RAM).<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH # <strong>del C3750-IPBAS-mz.122-25.SEB4 \t <\/strong>\/\/ zmazanie s\u00faboru<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>Jednoduch\u0161ie cesta je pou\u017ei\u0165\u00a0<strong>Cisco Network Assistant<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0V menu zvol\u00edme\u00a0<strong><em>Maintenance &#8211; Software Upgrade<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0a program vykon\u00e1 v\u0161etko automaticky.\u00a0Over\u00ed s\u00fabor, rozbalenie tar arch\u00edv, skop\u00edruje v\u0161etky potrebn\u00e9 s\u00fabory a vykon\u00e1 re\u0161tart switche.<\/p>\n<p>Druhou mo\u017enos\u0165ou je vykona\u0165 v\u0161etko ru\u010dne.\u00a0Kop\u00edrovanie s\u00faborov vykon\u00e1me obdobne ako u z\u00e1lohy IOSu.\u00a0N\u00e1sledne vyvol\u00e1me re\u0161tart switche.<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH # <strong>reload <\/strong> \t\/\/ re\u0161tart switche<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Typy switchov Cisco pon\u00faka \u0161irok\u00e9 portf\u00f3lio switchov, preva\u017ene sa v\u0161ak zameriava na stredn\u00e9 a ve\u013ek\u00e9 firmy.\u00a0Switche sa volaj\u00fa\u00a0Catalyst\u00a0a existuje nieko\u013eko z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch radov.\u00a0Hlavn\u00e9 rozdelenie je pod\u013ea&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":431,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/424"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=424"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/424\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":447,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/424\/revisions\/447"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}