{"id":516,"date":"2020-04-06T21:04:27","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T19:04:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/?page_id=516"},"modified":"2020-04-06T21:04:27","modified_gmt":"2020-04-06T19:04:27","slug":"16-hsrp-hot-standby-routing-protocol","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/ccna\/cisco-ios\/16-hsrp-hot-standby-routing-protocol\/","title":{"rendered":"16. HSRP &#8211; Hot Standby Routing Protocol"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><span>Princ\u00edp HSRP<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>V praxi je be\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00e1me v lok\u00e1lnej sieti\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>redundantn\u00e9 cesty<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0na L2 (pod\u013ea OSI modelu), tak\u017ee v\u00fdpadok niektor\u00e9ho akt\u00edvneho prvku alebo prepojovacieho k\u00e1bla nepreru\u0161\u00ed komunik\u00e1ciu v celej sieti.\u00a0V takejto sieti be\u017ene prev\u00e1dzkujeme cel\u00fa radu VLAN a tie s\u00fa medzi sebou spojen\u00e9 pomocou\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>inter-VLAN routingu<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0T\u00e1to komunik\u00e1cia je u\u017e na L3 a my potrebujeme rie\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdpadok switche \/ routeru, ktor\u00fd v\u0161etky VLANy prep\u00e1ja a sl\u00fa\u017ei ako br\u00e1na (gateway).\u00a0Je to o to zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie, \u017ee v\u0161etky stanice maj\u00fa zadan\u00fa IP adresu tohto routera ako svoju gateway.\u00a0Pr\u00e1ve t\u00fato situ\u00e1ciu n\u00e1m rie\u0161i HSRP, kedy s\u00edce potrebujeme z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00fd router, ale v pr\u00edpade v\u00fdpadku sa komunik\u00e1cia automaticky prepne na tento z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00fd.\u00a0Navy\u0161e z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00fd router m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 menej v\u00fdkonn\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"notice\"><strong><em><span>Pozn .:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0Rovnak\u00e1 je aj situ\u00e1cia, kedy sa jedn\u00e1 o centr\u00e1lnej br\u00e1nu, ktor\u00fa sme pripojen\u00ed do internetu.\u00a0Ov\u0161em b\u00fdva to zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie o to, \u017ee tu v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou be\u017e\u00ed Firewall.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>HSRP<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0je propriet\u00e1rny protokol firmy Cisco.\u00a0Existuje aj \u0161tandardizovan\u00fd protokol, svojou funkciou zhodn\u00fd, ktor\u00fd sa vol\u00e1<\/span><strong><em><span>\u00a0Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol &#8211; VRRP<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Pod\u013ea mojich sk\u00fasenost\u00ed sa v\u0161ak v praxi viac pou\u017e\u00edva pr\u00e1ve verzie od Cisca, teda HSRP.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Princ\u00edp funkcie je tak\u00fd, \u017ee m\u00e1me\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>virtu\u00e1lne IP adresu<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0(interfacu) br\u00e1ny, ktor\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa klienti, ak nej\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>virtu\u00e1lne MAC adresu<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Tieto virtu\u00e1lne adresy zdie\u013ea nakonfigurovan\u00e9 skupina routerov (ich rozhran\u00ed maj\u00fa svoju vlastn\u00fa IP a MAC adresu).\u00a0Jeden z routerov je vybrat\u00fd ako\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>akt\u00edvny<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0, ten dr\u017e\u00ed virtu\u00e1lne adresy, a ostatn\u00e9 s\u00fa\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>standby<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0(z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00e9).\u00a0HSRP detekuje v\u00fdpadok akt\u00edvneho routeru a v tom pr\u00edpade standby router prevezme virtu\u00e1lne IP a MAC adresu a t\u00fdm sa stane akt\u00edvnym zariaden\u00edm, ktor\u00e9 routuje prev\u00e1dzku.\u00a0Inform\u00e1cie o dostupnosti routeru sa vykon\u00e1va pomocou Hello paketov.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-517 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/000663.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"535\" height=\"299\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span>Ako je vidie\u0165, tak \u0161tandardne m\u00e1me jeden akt\u00edvny router, ktor\u00fd pracuje, a jeden z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00fd, ktor\u00fd len \u010dak\u00e1 na v\u00fdpadok akt\u00edvneho.\u00a0Pomocou\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>Hot Standby group<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0m\u00f4\u017eeme vytvori\u0165 viac konfigur\u00e1ci\u00ed pre r\u00f4zne skupiny VLAN a rozdielne nastavi\u0165 akt\u00edvny a standby router, tak\u017ee doch\u00e1dza k vyva\u017eovanie (manu\u00e1lnemu) z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span>Hlavn\u00e9 vlastnosti<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><span>pop\u00edsan\u00e9 v RFC 2281<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>z routerov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou HSRP skupiny, sa jeden zvol\u00ed ako prim\u00e1rny &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>active<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0, jeden ako z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00fd &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>standby<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0a ostatn\u00ed po\u010d\u00favaj\u00fa &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>listen<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>HSRP skupiny m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 \u010d\u00edsla 0 a\u017e 255, ale \u010dasto m\u00f4\u017eeme pou\u017ei\u0165 maxim\u00e1lne 16 skup\u00edn dohromady<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>podporuje Ethernet, FDDI, Token Ring<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>skupina pou\u017e\u00edva virtu\u00e1lne IP adresu a MAC adresu\u00a0<\/span><code>0000.0c07.acXX<\/code><span>, kde\u00a0<\/span><code>XX<\/code><span>je \u010d\u00edslo skupiny<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>akt\u00edvny router sa vol\u00ed pod\u013ea\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>standby priority<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0, vy\u0161\u0161ia hodnota v\u00ed\u0165az\u00ed, defaultn\u00e1 je 100 z rozsahu 1 a\u017e 255<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>standby track interface priority je 10<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>to \u017ee je akt\u00edvna router \u017eiv\u00fd sa overuje pomocou\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>hello paketu<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0, ktor\u00fd sa \u0161tandardne posiela ka\u017ed\u00e9 3s<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>ak po dobu\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>holdtime<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0(defaultne 10s) nedostane\u00a0<\/span><em><span>hello paket<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0, tak vyhl\u00e1si akt\u00edvny router za nefunk\u010dn\u00e9<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>prech\u00e1dza sa nieko\u013eko stavov &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><em><span>Disabled,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><span>Init, Learn, Listen, Speak<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0(za\u010d\u00edna posiela\u0165 hello pakety),\u00a0<\/span><em><span>Standby, Active<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span>Konfigur\u00e1cia HSRP<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>HSRP m\u00f4\u017eeme konfigurova\u0165 na L3 rozhranie:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span>VLAN interface (SVI)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>fyzick\u00fd routovanie port<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>EtherChannel<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Vlastn\u00e9 zapnutie HSRP na interfacu sa vykon\u00e1va pr\u00edkazom<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 ip 192.168.1.1<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span>Kde \u010d\u00edslo 1 je\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>\u010d\u00edslo skupiny<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0, m\u00f4\u017ee nadob\u00fada\u0165 hodnoty 0 a\u017e 255, kedy 0 je defaultn\u00fd a nemus\u00ed sa zad\u00e1va\u0165.\u00a0IP adresa je\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>virtu\u00e1lna adresa<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0br\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pr\u00edklad z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho nastavenia<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Switch1 (config) # <strong>interface vlan 100<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0   <\/strong>\/\/ vlastn\u00fa adresa interfacu  \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 ip 192.168.1.1               <\/strong>\/\/ zapnutie HSRP a nastavenie virtu\u00e1lnej adresy<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span>Aby malo nastavenie zmysel, tak je treba nakonfigurova\u0165 aj druh\u00fd router:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Switch2 (config) # <strong>interface vlan 100<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 ip 192.168.1.1<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span>\u010eal\u0161\u00edm, \u010do asi v praxi nakonfigurujeme, je ur\u010denie priority, pod\u013ea ktorej sa vol\u00ed akt\u00edvne router.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Switch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 priority 150   <\/strong>\/\/ nastav\u00ed prioritu na 150, defaultn\u00e1 je 100 (rozsah 1 - 255), vhodn\u00e9 je voli\u0165 hodnoty v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 preempt <\/strong>      \/\/ zabezpe\u010d\u00ed, aby po nabehnut\u00ed p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho akt\u00edvneho routeru sa stal op\u00e4\u0165 akt\u00edvnym<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span>Tak\u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faci pr\u00edklad m\u00f4\u017eeme doplni\u0165 tak, aby Switch1 bol prim\u00e1rne akt\u00edvny:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Switch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 priority 150<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 preempt<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 priority 120<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 preempt<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p class=\"notice\"><strong><em><span>Pozn .:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0Pre inter-VLAN routing samozrejme mus\u00edme nakonfigurova\u0165 HSRP i pre \u010fal\u0161ie VLANy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa routovan\u00e9.\u00a0Pre r\u00f4zne VLANy m\u00f4\u017eeme pou\u017ei\u0165 jednu HSRP skupinu, ale \u010dasto je lep\u0161ie rozdeli\u0165 VLANy do nieko\u013ek\u00fdch skup\u00edn.\u00a0Cel\u00e1 skupina sa v\u017edy prep\u00edna naraz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pre zobrazenie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o HSRP m\u00e1me pr\u00edkaz<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH # <strong>show standby<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span>Nasleduj\u00faci pr\u00edkaz n\u00e1m zobraz\u00ed, ktor\u00e1 strana je akt\u00edvna, a \u010di je dostupn\u00fd \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u010dlen.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH # <strong>show standby brief<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p class=\"notice\"><span>Pri be\u017enej prev\u00e1dzke nesmieme zabudn\u00fa\u0165 na to, \u017ee sa medzi routery v danej VLAN mus\u00ed \u0161\u00edri\u0165\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>multicasty s hello pakety<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, inak n\u00e1m prep\u00ednanie nebude fungova\u0165.\u00a0Tak\u017ee ke\u010f konfigurujeme\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ACL na VLAN<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, mus\u00edme povoli\u0165 t\u00fato komunik\u00e1ciu, napr\u00edklad nie\u010do ako:<\/span><br \/>\n<span>permit udp any 224.0.0.0 0.0.0.255<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Multiple HSRP<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Pre load balancing m\u00f4\u017eeme pou\u017ei\u0165 roz\u0161\u00edrenie HSRP nazvanej\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>MHSRP<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0To n\u00e1m dovol\u00ed zada\u0165 do konfigur\u00e1cie viacer\u00fdch skup\u00edn s rozdielnou prioritou a \u010das\u0165 klientov nakonfigurova\u0165 pre jeden router a \u010das\u0165 pre druh\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>To sa m\u00f4\u017ee hodi\u0165 pre niektor\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie, ale pre be\u017en\u00fd inter-VLAN routing sk\u00f4r vyu\u017eijeme r\u00f4zne skupiny, tak\u017ee niektor\u00e9 VLANy bud\u00fa \u0161tandardne routovan\u00e9 jedn\u00fdm routerom a ostatn\u00e9 druh\u00fdm.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pr\u00edklad nastavenia:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Switch1 (config) # <strong>interface g1 \/ 0\/1<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>no switchport                          <\/strong>\/\/ aby sa interface stal iba L3 (routovacie) \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>ip address 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config- if) # <strong>standby 1 ip 192.168.1.1<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 priority 150<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 preempt<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 2 ip 192.168.1.2<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 2 priority 110<\/strong> \r\nSwitch1 (config-if) # <strong>standby 2 preempt<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSwitch2 (config) # <strong>interface g1 \/ 0\/1<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>no switchport   <\/strong>                       \/\/ aby sa interface stal iba L3 (routovacie) \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config- if) # <strong>standby 1 ip 192.168.1.1<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 priority 110<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 1 preempt<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 2 ip 192.168.1.2<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 2 priority 150<\/strong> \r\nSwitch2 (config-if) # <strong>standby 2 preempt<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span>Pre konfigur\u00e1ciu HSRP je k dispoz\u00edcii e\u0161te rad \u010fal\u0161\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed, pre be\u017en\u00fa prax v\u0161ak sta\u010d\u00ed iba to vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>ICMP Internet Router Discovery Protocol &#8211; IRDP<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span>pop\u00edsan\u00e9 v RFC 1256<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>hos\u0165 si pomocou\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ICMP<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0zist\u00ed skuto\u010dn\u00fa adresu routera (nepou\u017e\u00edva sa virtu\u00e1lne)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>po\u010d\u00fava multicastovej pakety od routerov a pod\u013ea nich n\u00e1jde GW na svojom subnetu<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>pou\u017e\u00edva spr\u00e1vy\u00a0<\/span><em><span>ICMP router advertisement<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0(periodicky) a\u00a0<\/span><em><span>router solicitation<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li><span>ak nedostane pravideln\u00fa spr\u00e1vu od svojej GW, tak prepne na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00e9<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>peri\u00f3da odosielanie\u00a0<\/span><em><span>advertisement<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0b\u00fdva v poriadku min\u00fat, tak\u017ee prepnutie na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00e9 router m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 dlho<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>ak stanica na\u0161tartuje, tak nemus\u00edme \u010daka\u0165, ne\u017e doraz\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><em><span>advertisement<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0, ale m\u00f4\u017eeme odosla\u0165\u00a0<\/span><em><span>solicitation<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0spr\u00e1vu ako dotaz na \u00fadaje<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span>Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol &#8211; VRRP<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span>\u0161tandard op\u00edsan\u00fd v RFC 2338<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>ve\u013emi podobn\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>HSRP<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>pou\u017e\u00edva virtu\u00e1lny router, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 virtu\u00e1lne IP adresu a MAC\u00a0<\/span><code>0000.5e00.01xx<\/code><span>, kde<\/span><code>xx<\/code><span>\u00a0je \u010d\u00edslo skupiny v hexa (VRID)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>hlavn\u00fd router je\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>master,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0m\u00e1 najvy\u0161\u0161iu prioritu (m\u00f4\u017ee nadob\u00fada\u0165 hodnoty 1 a\u017e 254, 100 je default) v skupine (skupiny maj\u00fa \u010d\u00edslo 0 a\u017e 255)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>ostatn\u00e9 routery s\u00fa\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>backup<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>ka\u017ed\u00fa 1s (default) posiela\u00a0<\/span><em><span>advertisement<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<li><span>defaultne pou\u017e\u00edva\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>preempt<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; ke\u010f je dostupn\u00fd router s vy\u0161\u0161ou prioritou, preber\u00e1 \u00falohu master<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>nem\u00e1 \u017eiadny mechanizmus pre interface tracking (sledovanie stavu interfacu a pod\u013ea toho \u00faprava priority)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>ako virtu\u00e1lna IP adresa sa m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017ei\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00e1 IP adresa jedn\u00e9ho z routerov<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span>Gateway Load Balancing Protocol &#8211; GLBP<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Cisco propriet\u00e1rnu protokol, ktor\u00fd k vlastnostiam obdobn\u00fdm ako HSRP prid\u00e1va Load Balancing<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><em><span>v\u0161etky routery<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0v skupine forwarduj\u00ed d\u00e1ta, vyu\u017e\u00edva<\/span><em><span>\u00a0Load Balancing per hos\u0165<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0pomocou Round Robin (nem\u00e1 \u017eiadny vz\u0165ah k z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ei)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Load Balancing je pomocou ARP odpoved\u00ed, kedy sa odosiela MAC adresa vybran\u00e9ho routera zo skupiny<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>klienti maj\u00fa rovnak\u00fa IP adresu br\u00e1ny, ale in\u00fa MAC adresu<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>routery posielaj\u00fa (defaultne)\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>hello paket<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 3s na multicast adresu<\/span><code>224.0.0.102 UDP port 3222<\/code><\/li>\n<li><span>vol\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>Active Virtual Gateway<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0(AVG), ktor\u00e9 pride\u013euje virtu\u00e1lne MAC adresy<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>routery, ktor\u00e9 prijm\u00fa t\u00fato MAC, sa ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>Active Virtual Forwarder<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0(AVF), m\u00f4\u017ee ich by\u0165 max. 4 pre skupinu<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>podporuje\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>Weighting<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; ur\u010duje, \u010di router funguje ako AVF, ke\u010f hodnota klesne, pod dan\u00fa hranicu, tak nie je AVF a\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>tracking<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; sleduje stav interfacu, a ke\u010f ide interface dole, tak sa zn\u00ed\u017ei hodnota Weighting<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Pr\u00edklad funkcie Weighting a interface tracking:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">SWITCH (config) # <strong>track 1 interface serial 2\/0 line-protocol<\/strong> \r\nSWITCH (config) # <strong>interface f0 \/ 1<\/strong> \r\nSWITCH (config-if) # <strong>glbp 10 Weighting 110 lower 95 upper 105<\/strong> \r\nSWITCH (config-if) # <strong>glbp 10 Weighting track 1 decrement 10<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Princ\u00edp HSRP V praxi je be\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00e1me v lok\u00e1lnej sieti\u00a0redundantn\u00e9 cesty\u00a0na L2 (pod\u013ea OSI modelu), tak\u017ee v\u00fdpadok niektor\u00e9ho akt\u00edvneho prvku alebo prepojovacieho k\u00e1bla nepreru\u0161\u00ed&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":431,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/516"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=516"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":518,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/516\/revisions\/518"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/tech.sosthe.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}